SUPERSEMAR

Supersemar

The Supersemar, the Indonesian abbreviation for Surat Perintah Sebelas Maret (Order of March the Eleventh) was a document ostensibly signed by the Indonesian President Sukarno on March 11, 1966, giving the Army commander Lt. Gen. Suharto authority to take whatever measures he "deemed necessary" to restore order to the chaotic situation during the Indonesian killings of 1965–66.
In effect, the Supersemar came to be a transfer of executive power from Sukarno to Suharto.

The document
On September 30, 1965, a group calling itself the 30 September Movement killed six senior Army generals, seized control of the center of Jakarta and issued a number of decrees over Republic of Indonesia Radio. Suharto and his allies defeated the movement, but Sukarno was fatally weakened. The Army accused its long standing rival, the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), of being behind the "coup attempt" and an anti-Communist purge ensued. Over the next few months, Suharto and the army seized the initiative, and during a cabinet meeting (which Suharto did not attend), troops without insignia surrounded the presidential palace where the meeting was being held. Sukarno was advised to leave the meeting, and did so, flying to the presidential palace in Bogor, 60 km south of Jakarta, by helicopter. Later that afternoon, three Army generals, Maj. Gen. Basuki Rahmat, Minister for Veteran Affairs, Brig. Gen. M Jusuf, Minister for Basic Industry and Brig. Gen. Amirmachmud, Commander of the V/Jaya Jakarta Military Area Command, visited Sukarno and came away with the signed Supersemar, which they then presented to Suharto. The next day, Suharto used the powers thus conferred on him to ban the PKI, and on March 18, fifteen Sukarno loyalist ministers were arrested. Suharto changed the composition of the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS), and in March 1967 it voted to strip Sukarno of his powers and appointed Suharto acting president. In 1968, the MPRS removed the word 'acting', and Suharto remained in power until toppled by the Indonesian Revolution of 1998[1].

Controversy
The Supersemar itself is a simple document of less than 200 words. It reads as follows:

PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
ORDER
I. Considering
1.1 The current state of the Revolution, together with the national and international political situation
1.2 The Order of the Day of the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces/President/Supreme Commander of the Revolution dated 8 March 1966

II. Taking into account
2.1 The need for calm and stability of the Government and the progress of the Revolution
2.2 The need for a guarantee of integrity of the Great Leader of the Revolution, [the Armed Forces] and the People to preserve the leadership and obligations of the President/Supreme Commander/Supreme Commander of the Revolution and his teachings

III. Decides/Orders
LIEUTENANT GENERAL SOEHARTO, MINISTER/ARMY COMMANDER
To: In the name of the President/Supreme Commander/Great Leader of the Revolution
1. Take all measures deemed necessary to guarantee security and calm as well as the stability of the progress of the Revolution, as well as to guarantee the personal safety and authority of the leadership of the President/Supreme Commander/Great Leader of the Revolution/holder of the Mandate of the [Provisional People's Consultative Assembly] for the sake of the integrity of the Nation and State of the Republic of Indonesia, and to resolutely implement all the teachings of the Great leader of the Revolution.
2. Coordinate the execution of orders with the commanders of the other forces to the best of his ability.
3. Report all actions related to duties and responsibilities as stated above.

IV. Ends

Djakarta, 11 March 1966

PRESIDENT/SUPREME COMMANDER/GREAT LEADER OF THE REVOLUTION/HOLDER OF THE MANDATE OF THE [PROVISIONAL PEOPLE'S CONSULTATIVE ASSEMBLY]

[signed]

SUKARNO[2]

The circumstances surrounding the signing of the Supersemar

Indonesians usually end documents with the place the document was signed and the date. Given that the Supersemar was supposedly signed in Bogor, it is odd that the Supersemar is signed "Djakarta". In his account of the events of March 1966, Hanafi, a close friend of Sukarno and ambassador to Cuba says that he went to Bogor on March 12 and met with Sukarno. He says that Sukarno told him Suharto had sent three generals with a document they had already prepared for him to sign. He says that Sukarno felt he had to sign it because he was in a tight spot, but that the generals had promised to defend Sukarno and that the order would not be misused.[3] However, Martoidjojo, the commander of the presidential bodyguard, who went with Sukarno in the helicopter to Bogor, says that the Supersemar was typed in Bogor by Sukarno's adjutant and military secretary, Brig. Gen. Mochammed Sabur.[4] Djamaluddin corroborates this.[5]

The wording of the Supersemar itself could be read as a threat, namely the section reading "to guarantee the personal safety and authority of the leadership of Sukarno. However, in 1998, accusations appeared [6] of an even more direct threat, namely that two members of the presidential guard had seen Gen. M. Jusuf and Gen M. Panggabean, second assistant to the Army minister, pointing their pistols at Sukarno. M. Jusuf and others have denied this, and that Panggabean was even present. They called into doubt the credibility of key parts of the accusations, and said it was impossible for the two men to be so close to the president at the time.

The disappearance of the original

One of the most obvious oddities regarding the Supersemar is that the original document can no longer be traced. Although Indonesia was in a fairly chaotic state at the time, it is surprising that more care was not taken to preserve a document that school history books cite as the legitimization of Suharto's ensuing actions. After all, the original document of the Indonesian Declaration of Independence is still preserved.

the existence of multiple versions
One of the publications to appear since the fall of Suharto alleges that there were several versions of the Supersemar (Center for Information Analysis 1999). Even before the fall of Suharto, an official publication commemorating 30 years of Indonesian independence reproduced one version of Supersemar, while an officially sanctioned high school history textbook featured a different version. [2][7]

There are a number of differences between the various versions of the Supersemar:

* In two versions, there is a missing plural marker after the word "force" (Angkatan) in section III, paragraph 2
* In the same two versions, there is an extra definite article marker after the word "responsibilities" (tanggung-djawab") in section III paragraph 3
* One version runs to two pages, whereas the other versions are all on the one page.
* Sukarno's signature in one version lacks the dot-and-horizontal-line after the word "Soekarno".
* There are also minor differences in the proximity and shapes of the letters. [8]

The Order of March 13
According to Hanafi, in his discussions with Sukarno at the Bogor Palace on March 12, Sukarno was angry that the Supersemar had been used to ban the PKI, as it was the prerogative of the president to ban political parties. He said he had asked Third Deputy Prime Minister Johannes Leimena to take a written order to Suharto, and that he would wait to see what Suharto's reaction was – whether he would obey it or not. He asked Hanafi to help Third Deputy Prime Minister Chaerul Saleh and First Deputy Prime Minister Subandrio The two men showed Hanafi the "Order of March 13", which stated that the Order of March 11 was technical and administrative in nature, not political, warned General Suharto that he was not to take any actions outside the scope of the order and asked Suharto to report to the president at the palace. Saleh planned to make copies of the order and distribute them to loyal members of the palace guard and to Sukarno's young followers. Hanafi says 5,000 copies were made, and that he took a few back to Jakarta with him, but he does not know what happened to the others.[3]
In the official biography of Suharto, also say that Sukarno questioned Suharto's use of the Supersemar and sent Leimena to ask Suharto to take responsibility for his actions.[9] Saelan, deputy commander of the presidential guard says Suharto ignored the order[10], and Hanafi says that Suharto sent a message back via Leimena, who returned to Bogor later that evening, saying he would take responsibility for his actions, and that he was unable to come to Bogor as he was due to attend a meeting of all the military commanders at 11am the following day, to which he invited Sukarno. Incidentally, Hanafi is ambiguous as to the dates in his account, as he says he was in Bogor on March 12, but the "correction" to the Supersemar was known as the Order of March 13.[3]

(wikipedia)

the frog tsarevna

Long, long ago there was a tsar who had three sons. One day, when his sons were grown to manhood, the Tsar called them to him and said;

“My dear sons, while yet I am not old I should like to see you married and to rejoice in the sight of your children and my grandchildren.”

And the sons replied:

“If that is your wish, Father, then give is your blessing. Who would you like us to marry?”

“Now then, my sons, you must each of you take an arrow and go out into the open field. You must shoot the arrows, and wherever they fall, there will you find your destined bridges.”

The sons bowed to their father, and each of them taking an arrow, went out into the open field. There they drew their bows and let fly their arrows.

The eldest son’s arrow fell in boyar’s courtyard and was picked up by the by the boyar’s daughter. The middle son’s arrow fell in a rich merchant’s yard and was picked up by the merchant’s daughter. And as for the youngest son, Tsarevich Ivan, his arrows shot up and flew away he knew not where. He a masrh, and what did he see sitting there but a frog with the arrows in its mouth.

Said Tsarevich Ivan to the Frog:

“Frog, Frog, give me back my arrow.”

But the Frog replied:

“I will if you marry me!”

“What do you mean, how can I marry a frog!”

“You must, for I am destined bride.”

Tsarevich Ivan felt sad and crestfallen. But there but there was nothing to be done, and he picked up the a Frog and carried it home. And the Tsar celebrate three weddings: his eldest son he married to the boyar’s daughter, his middle son-to the merchant’s daughter, and poor Tsarevnia Ivan-to the Frog.

Some little time passed, and the Tsar called his sons to his side.

“I want to see which of wives is the better needlewoman,” said he. “Let them each make me a shirt by tomorrow morning.”

The sons bowed to their father and left him.

Tsarevnia Ivan came home, sat down and hung his head. And the Frog hopped over the floor and up to him and asked:

“Why do you hang your head, Tsarevnia Ivan? What is iot that troubles you?”

“Father bids you make him a shirt by tomorrow morning.”

Said the Frog:

“Do not grieve, Tsarevich Ivan, but go to bed, for morning is wiser than evening.”

Tsarevich Ivan went to bed, and the Frog hoped out on to the porch, cast off its frog skin and turned into Vasilisa the Wise and Clever, a malden fair beyond compare.

She clapped her hands and cried:

“Come, my women and malds, make haste and set to work! Make me a shirt by tomorrow morning, like those my own father used to wear.”

In the morning Tsarevich Ivan awoke, and there was the Frog hopping on the floor again, but the shirt and he went with it to his father who was busy receiving his two went with is to his father who was busy receiving his two elder son’s gift. The eldest son laid out his shirt, and the Tsar took it and said:

“This shirt will only do for a poor peasant to wear.”

The middle son laid out his shirt, and the Tsar said:

“ This shirt will only do to go the baths in.”

The Tsarevich Ivan laid out his shirt, all beautifully embroidered in gold and silver, and the Tsar took one look at it and said:

“Now that is a shirt to wear on holidays!”

The two elder brothers went home and they spoke among themselves and said:

“It seems we were wrong to laught at Tsarevich Ivan’s wife. She is no frog, but a witch.”

Now the Tsar again called his sons.

“Let your wives bake me some bnread by tomorrow morning.” He said. “I want to know which of them is the best cook.”

Tsarevich Ivan hung his head and went home. And the Frog asked him:

“Why are you so sad, Tsarevich Iavn?”

Said Tsarevich Ivan:

“Do not to bake some bread for my father by tomorrow morning.”

“Do not grieve, Tsarevich Ivan, but go to bed. Morning is wiser than evening.”

And her two sister-in-law, who had laughed at the Frog at first, now sent an old woman who worked in the kitchen to see how she baked her bread.

But the Frog was sly and guessed what they were up to. She kneaded some dough, broke off the top the stove and threw the dough down the hole. The old woman ran to the two sisters-in-law and told them all abouit it, and they did as the Frog had done.

And the Frog hopped out on to the porch, turned into Vasilisa the Wise and Clever clapped her hands.

“ Come, my women and malds, make hast and set to work!” cried she. “By tomorrow morning bake me some soft white bread, the kind I used to eat my own father’s house.”

In the morning Tsarevich Ivan woke up, and there was the bread all ready, lying on the table and prettily decorated with all manner of things: stamped figures on the sides and towns with walls and gates on the top.

Tsarevich Ivan was overjoyed. He wrapped up the bread in a towel and tookj it to his father who was just receiving the loaves his elder sons had brought. Their wives had dropped the dough into the slove as the old woman had told them to do, and the loaves came out charred and lumpy.

The Tsar took the bread from the bread from his eldest son, he looked at it and he sent it to the servant’s hall. He took the bread from his middle son, and he did the same with it. But when Tsarevich Ivan handed him his bread, the Tsar said:

“Now that is bread to be eaten only on holidays!”

And the Tsar bade his three sons come and feast with him on the morrow together with their wives.

Once again Tsarevich Ivan came home sad and sorrowful, and he hung his head very low. And the Frog hopped over the floor and up to him and said:

“Croak, croak, why are you sad, Tsarevich Ivan? Is it that your father has grieved you bu an unkind word?”

“Oh, Frog, Frog!” cried Tsarevich Ivan. “How can I help being sad? The Tsar has ordered me to bring you to his feast, and how can I show you to people!”

Said the Frog in reply:

“Do not grieved, Tsarevich Ivan, but go to the feast alone, and I will follow later. When you hear a great tramping and thundering, do not be afraid, but if they ask you what it is, say: “That is my Frog riding in her box.”

“So Tsarevich Ivan went to the feast alone, and his eider brothers came with their wives who were all dressed up in their finest clothes and had their brows blackened and roses painted on their cheeks. They stod there, and they made fun Tsarevich Ivan.

“Why have you come without your wife?” asked they. “You could have brought her in handkerchief. Wherever did you find such a beauty? You must have searched all the swamps for her.”

Now the Tsar with his sons and his daughters-in-law and all the guest sat down to feastat the oaken tables covered with embroidered clothes. Suddenly there came a great tramping and thundering, and the whole palace shook and trembled. The guests were frightened and jumped up from their seats. But Tsarevich Ivan said:

“Do not fear, honest folk. That is only my Frog riding in the box.”

And there dashed up to the porch of the Tsar’s palace a gilded carriage drawn by six horses, and out of it stopped Vasilisa the with stars, and on her head she wore the gright crescent moon, and so beautiful was she that it cannot be pictured and cannot be told, but was a true wonder and joy behold! She took Tsarevich Ivan by the hand and led him to the oaken tables covered with embroidered cloths.

The guests began eating and drinking and making merry. Vasilisa the Wise and Clever drank from her glass and poured the dregs into her left sleeve.

And the wives of the older sons saw what she did and they did the same. They ate and drank and then the time came to dance. Vasillas the Wise and Clever caught Tsarevich Ivan by the hand and began to dance. She danced and she whirled and she circled round and round, and everyone watched and marveled. She waved her left sleeve, and a lake appeared; she waved her right sleeve, and white swans began to swim upon the lake. The Tsar and his guest were filled with wonder.

Then the wives of the two elder sons dancing. They waved their left sleeves, and only splashed mead over the guest; they waved their right sleeves, and bones flew about on all sides, and one bone hit the Tsar in the eye. And the Tsar was very angry and drove out both his daughters-in-law.

In the meantime, Tsarevich Ivan slipped out, ran home, and finding the frog skin, threw it in the stove and burn it.

Now Vasilisa the Wise and Clever came home, and she at once saw that her frog skin was gone. She sat down on a bench, very sad and sorrowful, and she said to Tsarevich Ivan;

“Ah, Tsarevich Ivan, what have you done! Had you but waited just three more days, I would have been yours forever. But now farewell. Seek me beyond the Thrice-Nine-Lands int the Thrice-Ten Tsardom where lives Koschei the Deathless.”

And Vasilisa the Wise and Clever turned into a grey cuckoo-bird and flew out of the window. Tsarevic Ivan cried and wept for a long time and then he bowed in four directions and went off he knew not where he walked a distance short or long, for a time that was short or long no one knows, but his boots were worn, his caftan frayed and torn, and his cap battered by the rain. After a while he met a little old man who was as old can be.

“Good morrow, good youth!” quoth he. “What do you seek and whiter are you bound?”

Tsarevich Ivan told him of his trouble, and the little old man who was as old as old can be, said:

“Ah, Tsarevich Ivan, why did you burn the frog skin? It was not yours to wear or to do away with. Vasilisa the Wise and Clever was born wiser and cleverer than her father, and this so angered him that he turned her into a frog for three years. Ah, well, it can’t be helped now. Here is a ball of thread for you. Follow it without fear wherever it rolled. In an open field he met a bear. Tsarevich Ivan took aim and was about to kill it, but the bear spoke up in a human voice and said:

“Do not kill me, Tsarevich Ivan, who knows but you may have need of me some day.”

And Tsarevich Ivan spared the drake and went on. Just then a hare came running. Tsarevich Ivan took aim quickly and was about to shoot it, but the hare said, in a human voice;

“D not kill me, Tsarevich Ivan, who knows but you may have need of me some day!”

And Tsarevich Ivan spared the hare and went farther. He came to the blue sea and he saw a pike lying on the sandy shore and gasping for breath.

“Take pity on me, Tsarevich Ivan,” said the pike. “Throw me back into the blue sea!”

So Tsarevich Ivan threw the pike into the sea and walked on along the shore. Whether a long time passed by or a short time no one knows, but by and by the ball of thread rolled up to a forest, and there in the forest stood a little huty on chicken’s feet, spinning round and round.

“Little hut, little hut, stand as once you stood, with your face to me and your back to the wood,” said Tsarevich Ivan.

The hut turned its faced to him and its back to the forest, and ledge, lay Baba-Yaga the Witch with the Switch, in a pose she liked best, her cooked nose to the ceiling pressed.

“What brings you here, good youth?” asked Baba-Yga. “Is there aught you come to seek? Come, good youth. I pray you, speak!”

Said Tsarevich Ivan:

“First give me food and drink, you old hag, and steam me in the bath, and then ask your questions.”

So Baba-Yaga steamed him in the bath, gave him food and drink and put him to bed, and then Tsaevich Ivan told her that he was seeking his wife, Vasilisa the Wise and Clever.

“I know where where she is,” said Baba-Yaga. “Koschei the Deathless has her in his power. It will be hard getting her back, for it is not easy to get the better of Koschei. His death is at the point of neddle, the neddle is in an egg, the egg in a duck, the duck, the duck in a hare, the hare in a stone chest and the chest at the top of a tall oak-tree which Koschei the Deathless guards as the apple of his own eye.”

Tsarevich Ivan spent the night in Baba-Yaga’s hut, and in the morning she told him where the tall oak-tree was to be found. Wheather he was long on the way or not no one knows, but by and by he come to the tall oak-tree. It stood there and it rustled and swayed, and the stone chest was at the top of it and very hard to reach.

All of a sudden, lo and behold! The bear came running and it pulled out the oak-tree, roots and all. Down fell the chest, and it broke open. Out of the chest bounded a hare and away it tore as fast as it could. But another hare appeared and gave it chase. It caught up the first hare and tore it to bits. Out of the hare flew a duck, and it soared up to the very sky. But in a trice the drake was upon it and it struck the duck so hard that it dropped the egg, and down the egg fell into the blue sea.

At this Tsarevich Ivan began weeping bitter tears, for how could be find the egg in the sea! But all at once the pike came swimming to the shore with the egg in its mouth. Tsarevich Ivan cracked the egg, took out the needle and began trying to break off the point. The more he bent it, the more Koschei the Deathless writhed and twisted. But all in vain. For Tsarevich Ivan broke off the point of the neddle, and Koschei fell down dead.

Ttsarevich Ivan then went to Koschei’s palace of while stone. And Vasilisa the Wise and Clever ran out him and kissed him on his honey-sweet mouth. And Tsarevich Ivan and Vasilisa the Wise and Clever went back to their own home and lived together long and happily till they were quite, quite old.

EARTH HOUR

10 Things Individuals Can Do When Lights Off

March 27, 2010 at 20:30 hours, millions of people around the world will turn off their lights for one hour - Earth Hour - to demonstrate concern for the planet we inhabit. This action is also a way to send an appeal to our leaders to take action to tackle climate change.

Below are some ideas about things that can be done in the dark by yourself or with others:

1. Invite your friends and family to a party "without light" in front of the house. Serve a light meal which is the production of their own country, while playing guitar and singing together.
2. Turn off lights, computers and mobile phones. Use the quiet time to take rest of the world electricity by meditating for relaxation of mind and body.
3. Invite special friends for a romantic dinner or just chat while accompanied by candlelight.
4. Invite your friends to camping in the yard. Singing songs, sharing horror stories, and make corn in the fireplace.
5. Relax the muscles and calming the mind and by using a salt bath tub accompanied by candlelight.
6. Turn off the computer and write letters using paper and pen as he was accompanied by candlelight, as done by the people at the time had no electricity.
7. With friends or family guessing game, chess or cards while sitting in front of the house.
8. Play a guessing shadow flashlight.
9. See the night sky through a telescope [if you have it] and enjoy the beautiful view of the stars in the sky.
10. Take photos or videos of how you and your family spend time in Earth Hour and make images and videos of your family as inspire others to send it to the Home page click www.earthhour.wwf.or.id Facebook, Twitter, Flicker or YouTube. And do not forget to tell the story of your family fun by sending articles to the Earth Hour team in Indonesia earthhourindonesia@gmail.or.id

Lapan: Badai Matahari Terjadi Antara 2012-2015

Film fiksi ilmiah '2012' yang menceritakan tentang terjadinya badai matahari (flare) bukan isapan jempol belaka. Flare diperkirakan akan terjadi antara tahun 2012-2015. Namun, tak serta merta hal itu melenyapkan peradaban dunia.

"Lapan memperkirakan puncak aktivitas matahari akan terjadi antara 2012 hingga 2015. Pada puncak siklusnya, aktivitas matahari akan tinggi dan terjadi badai matahari," ujar Kabag Humas Lapan Elly Kuntjahyowati dalam rilis yang diterima detikcom, Kamis (4/3/2010).

Flare tersebut, imbuhnya, merupakan salah satu aktivitas matahari selain medan magnet, bintik matahari, lontaran massa korona, angin surya dan partikel energetik. Ledakan-ledakan matahari itu, bisa sampai ke bumi. Namun, flare yang diperkirakan akan terjadi itu tak akan langsung membuat dunia hancur.

"Masyarakat banyak yang menghubungkan antara badai matahari dengan isu kiamat 2012 dari ramalan Suku Maya. Ternyata dari hasil pengamatan Lapan, badai matahari tidak akan langsung menghancurkan peradaban dunia," imbuhnya.

Efek badai tersebut, lanjut dia, yang paling utama berdampak pada teknologi tinggi seperti satelit dan komunikasi radio. Satelit dapat kehilangan kendali dan komunikasi radio akan terputus.

"Efek lainnya, aktivitas matahari berkontribusi pada perubahan iklim. Ketika aktivitas matahari meningkat maka matahari akan memanas. Akibatnya suhu bumi meningkat dan iklim akan berubah," jelas Elly.

Partikel-partikel matahari yang menembus lapisan atmosfer bumi akan mempengaruhi cuaca dan iklim. Dampak ekstremnya, bisa menyebabkan kemarau panjang. Namun hal ini masih dikaji oleh para peneliti.

Lapan pun berniat mensosialisasikan dampak aktivitas matahari ini ke masyarakat. Sosialisasi Fenomena Cuaca Antariksa 2012-2015 pun akan digelar di Gedung Pasca Sarjana lantai 3, Universitas Udayana, Jl Jenderal Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali pada 9 Maret 2010 pukul 11.00 Wita.

(detikcom)

Soekarno berani mengecam Inggris dan mendapat dukungan dari India Maret 4, 2010

Soekarno menuduh Inggris yang membantu Belanda

Dr Soekarno, Presiden Pemerintah Indonesia yang tidak diakui, dalam sebuah surat kepada Jenderal Sir Philip Chirtison, telah memperingatkan Inggris bahwa jika mereka melanjutkan “kebijakan dihitung untuk memaksakan kembali kekuasaan Belanda atas Indonesia” hasil akhir akan menjadi “membasahi di Indonesia mandi darah “.

“Sikap Anda jauh dari netral” kata Soekarno. “Ini jelas pro Belanda. Anda tidak bisa menghindari tanggung jawab untuk perang dengan pisau yang harus mau tidak mau dimulai lagi antara Indonesia dan Belanda. Anda sedang membuat semacam bentrokan dimungkinkan oleh arahan, melindungi, dan memelihara akhirnya Belanda karena tindakan melawan kita” .

Soekarno lebih lanjut menuduh Inggris dengan perencanaan untuk menginstal Belanda berkuasa, meskipun sebagai salah satu dari Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, “Belanda hanya memiliki wewenang untuk memberi pertolongan interniran dan mengumpulkan dan menyita Jepang di Indonesia.

Sebuah peringatan juga diberikan bahwa “ini adalah di luar kekuasaan Republik untuk memastikan keselamatan dari 250.000 penduduk Belanda dan Eurasia di Indonesia. Pertumpahan darah yg tiada akhirnya lebih lanjut akan tercipta jika pasukan Belanda mendarat.

Sementara itu pertempuran telah berhenti di Semarang, kota ketiga Jawa. Gurkha berada dalam kendali penuh kemarin, meskipun pedesaan pegunungan di luar kota masih berada di tangan Nasionalis. Pasukan Jepang harus ditarik sepenuhnya dari kota.

Dari India Reuter melaporkan bahwa dukungan untuk orang Indonesia telah dicanangkan oleh Mr Nehru, Pemimpin Kongres India, dan Mr Jinnah, presiden dari All-India Muslim League.

The Glasgow Herald

Tuesday, October 23, 1945

City Edition

A Trial Like No Other

Once there lived two brothers. One of them was poor and the other rich.

No one day the poor brother's wood came to an end, and he had nothing with which to head hs stove. It was very cold in his hut.

He went to the forest and chopped some wood, but he had no horse to bring the wood home.
"I'll go to my brother and ask him for a horse,"he thought to him self.

He went to his brother, but it was a cold welcome his brother gave him.
"You can take the horse this once, but see that you don't make the load too heavy," he said.

"And don't think you can come to me for anything of the sort again. It's always one thing today and another tomorrow, and you'll have me out begging in the streets before I know where I am."

The poor brother led the horse home, and only then remembered that he had fogotten to ask for a horse-collar.

"And it's no use going back for it now, my brother will not give it to me," said he to himself.

So he tied the sledge got wedget in a tree-stump, but the poor man did not notice it and gave the horse a touch of the whip.

The horse was a flery one; it plunged ahead, and lo! its tail came off.

When the rich brother saw that his horse had no tail, he began cursing amd scolding the poor brother.

"You have ruined my horse!" he cried. "Don't think I will leave it that!"

And he brought an action against him.

A short time passed by and a long time, and the brothers were summoned to court.

They set off for town, they walked and they walked, and the poor brother said to himself:
"A poor man fighting a rich man's lawsuit is like weak man wrestling with a strong man: neither can win. They are sure to find me guilty."

Just then they were crossing a bridge, and as the bridge had no handrail, the poor brother slipped and fell off. It so chanced that at that very moment a merchant was driving over the icebound river below, taking his old father to a doctor, and the poor brother dropped straight on to old man in the merchant's sledge, killing him outright without sustaining the slightest injury himself.

The mercahnt seized the poor brother and held him.
"Come with me to the judge!" he cried.

And so now the three of them proceeded to the town together, the two brother and the merchant.

The poor brother felt more sad and crestfallen than ever.
"They will be sure to find me guilty now," he said to himself.

Suddenly he saw a heavy stone on the road. He picked it up, wrapped it in a rag and thrust it inside his coat.

"As well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb," said himself. If the judge judges unfairly and I am found guilty, I"ll kill him as well."

They came before the judge, and now there there were two cases insteadof one against the poor brother. And the judge set about the business of judging and began asking questions.

And the poor brothers would glance at the judge now and again, take out the stone wrapped in the rag and whisper:
"Judge away, Judge, Judge away, but see what I've brought to court today!"

He said it once, and he said it again, and he said it a third time, and the judge watched him and thought to himself:
"Could the muzhik be showing me a nugget of gold?"
And he looked once again and was sum of money."

And he passed sentences and ruled that the tailless horse be given to the poor brother to keep till such time as its tail would grow again.

And two the merchant he said;
"As punishment for having killed your father this man must stand on the ice under the very same bridge, and you must leap on him from the bridge and kill him just the same way as he killed your father."

And with that the trial ended.
Said the rich brother to the poor brother:
"Oh, well, so be it, I'll take the tailles horse from you."
"Oh, no, brother," the poor man replied. "Let it be as the judge decreed. "I'll keep your horse until its tail grows again."

Then the rich brother began pleading with poor one.
"I'll give you thirty rubles, only give me back my horse," he said.
"Very well, let it be as you wish," the poor brother agreed.

The rich brother counted out the money, and the matter was settled between them.

Now the merchant, too, spoke in pleading tones.
"Lets forget the whole affair, my good man," he said. "I forgive you. It will not bring back my father if I don't, any way.

"No, no, come along and do as the judge said. Drop down on me from the bridge."

"I don't want to kill you. Let us be friends and I will give you a hundred rubles," the merchant begged.

The poor man took the hundreed rubles and was about to leave, when the judge called him to his side.

"Now give me what you promised," he said.

And the the poor man drew the bundle from his coat, turned back the rag and showed the judge the stone.

"That is what I showed you when I said: "Judge away, Judge, judge away, but see what I've brought to court today!" Had youi judged differently, I would have killed you with this stone."

"Its a good thing I judge the way I did," said the judge to himself, "or I would not have been alive now."

As for the poor man, he went home in high spirits, singing a song at the top of his voice.

Ramalan Prabu Jayabaya Yang Dimuat Majalah Time

Jawa: Nubuat
Dalam kitab Djayabhaya, Raja Hindu yang memerintah kerajaan Jawa delapan abad yang lalu, itu tertulis bahwa orang kulit putih akan datang satu hari ke Indonesia. Ia akan tinggal untuk menguasai pulau-pulau bertahun-tahun. Kemudian, untuk tiga tahun “kehidupan ayam betina,” pria kuning akan memerintah. Dan setelah tiga tahun, orang-orang akan mengatur dirinya sendiri.
Pekan lalu orang kulit putih yang digulingkan kembali ke Hindia Belanda, tetapi dalam gaya remeh. Orang kulit kuning yang menguasai sudah luluh lantak, tetapi ia tidak pergi. Keduanya dari mereka telah kehilangan muka. Dari rakyat yang tertidur mendadak bangkit dengan semangat memerah darah mencari pemenuhan atas Djayabhaya nubuat. Untuk saat kekosongan, tidak ada yang berkuasa di Indonesia.
Taruah yang tinggi. Selain pertanyaan sederhana mengenai kedaulatan – dan pertanyaan kompleks satu orang benar atau kewajiban untuk memiliki lain – termsuk kekayaan Hindia. Mereka berbaring di sebuah galaksi dari 3.000 pulau-pulau yang subur, duduk mengangkang ekuator dan dihuni oleh masyarakat polyphyletic terdiri atas 72 juta jiwa.

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